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''La Basoche'' is an opéra comique in three acts, with music by André Messager and a French libretto by Albert Carré.〔Wagstaff J., André Messager. In: ''The New Grove Dictionary of Opera''. Macmillan, London and New York, 1997.〕 The opera debuted at the Opéra-Comique in Paris in 1890 and was mounted in Brussels in 1890, Geneva in 1891, London in 1891–1892 and New York in 1893. Since then it has been revived in France and elsewhere. ==History== Messager's 1889 opérette ''Le mari de la reine'' at Bouffes-Parisiens was a disappointment, and the composer and his wife were struggling to afford even basic necessities until he found success with ''La Basoche''.〔(''La Basoche'' ), the ''Opérette'' site of l'Académie Nationale de l'Opérette (ANAO), 11 October 2008 (French language)〕 The title of the operetta refers to the old Parisian guild of law clerks that was abolished with the French revolution in the 18th century. ''La Basoche'' was first performed at the Opéra-Comique (Salle du Théâtre Lyrique, place du Châtelet), Paris, on 30 May 1890 and was initially given on 51 nights.〔 It was revived there up to the Second World War and given at least another 150 performances, with Jean Périer, André Baugé playing Clément Marot and Lucien Fugère repeating the role of the duke. Messager himself conducted the 1900, 1902 and 1919 productions at the Opéra-Comique,〔Wolff S. ''Un demi-siècle d'Opéra-Comique (1900–1950).'' André Bonne, Paris, 1953.〕 while later revivals were conducted by Gustave Cloëz and Albert Wolff.〔(Information about La Basoche on the French Art-Lyrique website ), accessed 17 August 2015〕 In 1908 the work entered the repertoire of the Théâtre de la Gaîté in Paris, the cast including Baugé, Edmée Favart and Fugère and was revived there in 1927.〔Gänzl, p. 120; Stoullig, E. ''Les Annales du Théâtre et de la Musique, 34eme édition, 1908.'' G Charpentier et E Fasquelle, Paris, 1909, p. 352〕 It was presented at the Théâtre de la Porte-Saint-Martin in 1934 under the management of Maurice Lehmann with Baugé and Yvonne Brothier.〔Gänzl, p. 120〕 ''La Basoche'' was given French-language productions in Brussels in 1890 and Geneva in 1891.〔 It was translated into German and performed as ''Die zwei Könige'' on 19 October 1891 at the Stadttheater, Hamburg, and as ''Die Basoche'' on 29 October 1891 at the Friedrich-Wilhelm-Städtisches Theater in Berlin.〔 It was presented in London in 1891 in an English translation by Augustus Harris (dialogue) and Eugène Oudin (lyrics) at Richard D'Oyly Carte's Royal English Opera House (today's Palace Theatre), running from 3 November 1891 to 16 January 1892. Carré and Messager were present at the opening night and took curtain calls along with the conductor, François Cellier. Stage direction was by Hugh Moss, and the cast included David Bispham (alternating with Wallace Brownlow) as the Duke, Ben Davies (and Joseph O'Mara) as Clément Marot, Charles Kenningham as Jehan L'Eville, Frederick Bovill as the Chancellor and John Le Hay as Guillot.〔''The Times'', 3 November 1891, p. 6; and 16 January 1892, p. 6〕 The piece earned high critical praise.〔''La Basoche'' was to be given in alternation with the second run of Arthur Sullivan's ''Ivanhoe'' and several other operas. ''Ivanhoe'' played for only six more performances, however, and Carte failed to get the other operas produced, and so the Royal English Opera House closed. Sir Henry Wood recalled in his autobiography, "If D'Oyly Carte had had a repertory of six operas instead of only one, I believe he would have established English opera in London for all time. See Wood, Henry. (''My Life of Music'' ), London: Victor Gollancz Ltd. (1938). After ''La Basoche'' closed, Carte leased out the theatre for a year and then sold it. See Jacobs, Arthur. ("Carte, Richard D'Oyly (1844–1901)", ) ''Oxford Dictionary of National Biography'', Oxford University Press, September 2004, accessed 12 September 2008, ; and Ainger, pp 331–332 and 333〕 Carte's faith in the composer led to his producing Messager's ''Mirette'' in 1894.〔Traubner, (p. 213 )〕 An American version, in a new translation by Madeleine Lucette Ryley, with her husband J. H. Ryley as the Duke, was produced by the James C. Duff Opera Company at Chicago's Auditorium Theatre on 2 January 1893 and the Casino Theatre on 27 February 1893 for a two week run on Broadway.〔 Gustave Kerker conducted. The critic of ''The New York Times'' stated that "for the music, warm words of praise may be spoken", but thought the genre was "far too unfamiliar on the local stage" and Ryley ill-suited to the part, "not as funny as one could have wished."〔("Genuine Opera Comique: 'The Basoche' was sung at the Casino last night" ), ''The New York Times'', 23 February 1893, p. 8〕 More recently, the opera has been staged at Monte Carlo in 1954, with a cast including Denise Duval and Pierre Mollet, conducted by Albert Wolff,〔"News – Monte Carlo", ''Opera'', May 1954, p. 299〕 and at Enghien-les-Bains Casino in 1958 with Willy Clément, conducted by Jésus Etcheverry.〔"Report from France – Enghien-les-Bains", ''Opera'', November 1958, p. 725〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「La Basoche」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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